C Programming Code Examples
C > Beginners Lab Assignments Code Examples
Find the Nearest Common Ancestor in the Given set of Nodes
/* Find the Nearest Common Ancestor in the Given set of Nodes
This C Program prints all the elements of Nth level in single line. */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
/* Structure of binary tree node */
struct btnode
{
int value;
struct btnode *l;
struct btnode *r;
};
void createbinary();
node* add(int val);
int height(node *);
int nearest_common_ancestor(node*, int, int);
typedef struct btnode node;
node *root = NULL, *ptr;
int main()
{
int c, x1, x2;
createbinary();
printf("\nEnter nodes having common ancestor");
scanf("%d %d", &x1, &x2);
c = nearestcommonancestor(root, x1, x2);
if (c == -1)
{
printf("No common ancestor");
}
else
{
printf("The common ancestor is %d", c);
}
}
/*
* constructing the following binary tree
* 50
* / \
* 20 30
* / \
* 70 80
* / \ \
*10 40 60
*/
void createbinary()
{
root = add(50);
root->l = add(20);
root->r = add(30);
root->l->l = add(70);
root->l->r = add(80);
root->l->l->l = add(10);
root->l->l->r = add(40);
root->l->r->r = add(60);
}
/*Add node to binary tree */
node* add(int val)
{
ptr = (node*)malloc(sizeof(node));
if (ptr == NULL)
{
printf("Memory was not allocated");
return;
}
ptr->value = val;
ptr->l = NULL;
ptr->r = NULL;
return ptr;
}
/*height of the binary tree */
int height(node *n)
{
int lheight, rheight;
if (n != NULL)
{
lheight = height(n->l);
rheight = height(n->r);
if (lheight > rheight)
return(lheight + 1);
else
return(rheight + 1);
}
}
/*Finds the nearest common ancestor */
int nearestcommonancestor(node *temp, int x1, int x2)
{
int h, i, j, k;
node *prev;
/*If any one the inputted node is root then no common ancestor */
if (x1 == root->value || x2 == root->value)
{
return - 1;
}
h = height(root);
for (i = 1;i < h;i++)
{
if (temp->l->value == x1 || temp->r->value == x1 || temp ->l->value == x2 || temp->r->value == x2)
{
prev = temp;
for (j = 1, temp = root;j < h;j++)
{
if (temp != NULL)
{
if (temp->r->value == x2 || temp->r->value == x1 || temp->l->value == x1 || temp->l->value == x2)
{
/*
* If the parent of x1 and parent of x2 are same then the value of parent is returned
*/
if (prev->value == temp->value)
return prev->value;
/*
* otherwise from parents of two nodes is traversed upward if any node matches with other's node parent then that is
* considered as common ancestor
*/
else
for (k = 0, prev = temp;k < h;k++)
{
if (temp->l->value == prev->l->value)
return temp->value;
else
temp = temp->l;
}
}
}
temp = temp->l;
}
}
temp = temp->l;
}
}
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