C Programming Code Examples
C > Strings Code Examples
program to find total number of alphabets, digits or special characters in a string
/* program to find total number of alphabets, digits or special characters in a string
Write a C program to count total number of alphabets, digits or special characters in a string using loop. How to find total number of alphabets, digits and special characters in a string in C programming. */
#include <stdio.h>
#define maxsize 100 // Maximum string size
int main()
{
char str[maxsize];
int alphabets, digits, others, j;
alphabets = digits = others = j = 0;
/* Input string from user */
printf("Enter any string : ");
gets(str);
/* Check each character of string for alphabet, digit or special character */
while(str[j]!='\0')
{
if((str[j]>='a' && str[j]<='z') || (str[j]>='A' && str[j]<='Z'))
{
alphabets++;
}
else if(str[j]>='0' && str[j]<='9')
{
digits++;
}
else
{
others++;
}
j++;
}
printf("Alphabets = %d\n", alphabets);
printf("Digits = %d\n", digits);
printf("Special characters = %d", others);
return 0;
}
In C, the "main" function is treated the same as every function, it has a return type (and in some cases accepts inputs via parameters). The only difference is that the main function is "called" by the operating system when the user runs the program. Thus the main function is always the first code executed when a program starts. main() function is a user defined, body of the function is defined by the programmer or we can say main() is programmer/user implemented function, whose prototype is predefined in the compiler. Hence we can say that main() in c programming is user defined as well as predefined because it's prototype is predefined. main() is a system (compiler) declared function whose defined by the user, which is invoked automatically by the operating system when program is being executed.
#include is a way of including a standard or user-defined file in the program and is mostly written at the beginning of any C/C++ program. This directive is read by the preprocessor and orders it to insert the content of a user-defined or system header file into the following program. These files are mainly imported from an outside source into the current program. The process of importing such files that might be system-defined or user-defined is known as File Inclusion. This type of preprocessor directive tells the compiler to include a file in the source code program. Here are the two types of file that can be included using #include:
The if...else statement executes two different codes depending upon whether the test expression is true or false. Sometimes, a choice has to be made from more than 2 possibilities. The if...else ladder allows you to check between multiple test expressions and execute different statements. In C/C++ if-else-if ladder helps user decide from among multiple options. The C/C++ if statements are executed from the top down. As soon as one of the conditions controlling the if is true, the statement associated with that if is executed, and the rest of the C else-if ladder is bypassed. If none of the conditions is true, then the final else statement will be executed.
In the C Programming Language, the #define directive allows the definition of macros within your source code. These macro definitions allow constant values to be declared for use throughout your code. Macro definitions are not variables and cannot be changed by your program code like variables. You generally use this syntax when creating constants that represent numbers, strings or expressions.
Writes the C string pointed by format to the standard output (stdout). If format includes format specifiers (subsequences beginning with %), the additional arguments following format are formatted and inserted in the resulting string replacing their respective specifiers. printf format string refers to a control parameter used by a class of functions in the input/output libraries of C programming language. The string is written in a simple template language: characters are usually copied literally into the function's output, but format specifiers, which start with a % character, indicate the location and method to translate a piece of data (such as a number) to characters. "printf" is the name of one of the main C output functions, and stands for "print formatted". printf format strings are complementary to scanf format strings, which provide formatted input (parsing). In both cases these provide simple functionality and fixed format compared to more sophisticated and flexible template engines or parsers,
While loop is also known as a pre-tested loop. In general, a while loop allows a part of the code to be executed multiple times depending upon a given boolean condition. It can be viewed as a repeating if statement. The while loop is mostly used in the case where the number of iterations is not known in advance. The while loop evaluates the test expression inside the parentheses (). If test expression is true, statements inside the body of while loop are executed. Then, test expression is evaluated again. The process goes on until test expression is evaluated to false. If test expression is false, the loop terminates.
An expression containing logical operator returns either 0 or 1 depending upon whether expression results true or false. Logical operators are commonly used in decision making in C programming. These operators are used to perform logical operations and used with conditional statements like C if-else statements.
Get string from stdin. Reads characters from the standard input (stdin) and stores them as a C string into str until a newline character or the end-of-file is reached. The newline character, if found, is not copied into str. A terminating null character is automatically appended after the characters copied to str. Notice that gets is quite different from fgets: not only gets uses stdin as source, but it does not include the ending newline character in the resulting string and does not allow to specify a maximum size for str (which can lead to buffer overflows).
For loop to print value and address of each element of array. Just to demonstrate that the array elements are stored in contiguous locations, I am displaying the addresses in...
C Programming designated initializers to set values of structure members. Two ways to set the values of a struct member. Another way to do the same using designated initializers.
C program to 'Read any String' from user and Remove Last Occurrence of a given character from the string. Remove last Occurrence of a character from the string. Shift all characters
C language code to pick & display the largest element of an input matrix. How many rows in the matrix? How many columns in the matrix? The largest element of the matrix is
For Loop in C. First initialization happens and the counter variable gets initialized. Second step the condition is checked, where counter variable is tested for the given condition, if...
